Looking for advice on planning a trip to London, England? This comprehensive London travel guide provides a complete overview of the city and will help you plan your visit to the UK’s capital.

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I’m Hazel, a British travel blogger from Essex, just east of London.
Having spent my life working and socialising in London, I’ve gained a wealth of local knowledge that I’m excited to share with you. Even though I know London like the back of my hand, the city still remains my absolute favourite place to be! You can read all of my London posts here.
Introduction to London.
London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is a city that blends history, culture, and modernity. With its iconic landmarks, world-class museums, diverse neighbourhoods, and vibrant arts scene, there is always something new to see and do.

As one of the most visited cities in the world, London’s dynamic atmosphere is shaped by its multicultural population, which influences everything from the city’s culinary scene to its festivals.
The River Thames flows through the heart of the city, providing picturesque views and a backdrop for many of London’s top attractions. Beyond the famous sights, London’s hidden gems and local experiences are plentiful, from charming historic pubs to tranquil green spaces and lively street performances.
This London travel guide is designed to help you navigate London’s vast offerings, whether you’re visiting for a weekend or an extended stay.
Below, you’ll find practical tips on getting around, where to stay, what to eat, and the must-see attractions that will make your trip to London unforgettable.
I have split this Ultimate London Travel Guide into 19 sections:
- London Practical Information
- Geography of London
- Map of London
- Getting to London
- Best Time to Visit London
- Neighbourhoods in London
- How to Get Around London
- Top Attractions and Activities in London (grouped into sections)
- Day trips from London.
- London Passes explained.
- Events and festivals in London.
- Hotels in London – Luxury, Mid Range and Budget
- Currency and payments in London.
- Cultural Etiquette in london.
- Safety and Practical Tips for London
- British Food and Drink Popular in London.
- Sustainable Travel in London
- FAQs for London Travel Guide
- Quick London shopping links.
- Helpful tourism websites for London.
Note: This post contains affiliate links. The pink hotel booking links will take you to Booking.com (with free reservations), and any tour links will take you to Viator, or official tourist attraction websites.
Let’s proceed with the ultimate London travel guide.
1. London Practical Information.
I’ll begin my London Travel Guide with some essential practical information for London.
- Currency: British Pound (GBP)
- Language: English
- Time Zone: Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), UTC+0
- Emergency Number: 999 (police, ambulance, fire)
- Electricity: Standard voltage is 230V AC, 50Hz; Type G plug
2. Geography of London.
London, the capital of both England and the UK, stretches across both sides of the River Thames in southeastern England, covering about 1,572 square kilometres (607 square miles). The river divides the city into North and South London and is crossed by famous bridges like Tower Bridge and Westminster Bridge.

London is divided into 32 boroughs, each with its own unique character. Central London includes historic areas like the “City”, and lively districts such as Westminster and Camden. It features a mix of old landmarks like the Tower of London. and newer developments like Canary Wharf.
Despite being a busy city, London also offers extensive green spaces like Hyde Park and Regent’s Park, providing places for relaxation, outdoor activities, and cultural events.
3. Map of London.
This Google Map shows all of the top tourist attractions in London as listed in my 30 Top London Tourist Attractions article. If you are viewing on a phone, you can use two fingers to pinch and drag the map.
4. Getting to London.
By Air: London is served by six major airports: Heathrow (LHR), Gatwick (LGW), Stansted (STN), Luton (LTN), London City (LCY), and Southend (SEN). Heathrow and Gatwick are the largest and most connected. London City is the only one that is in London proper – the others are all on the outskirts.
By Train: London is well-connected to the rest of the UK via train services operated by National Rail. Major stations include King’s Cross, Paddington, Victoria, and Waterloo.
By Coach: Coaches (buses) operate to and from London from various UK cities and towns. National Express, Flixbus and Megabus are popular coach operators.
5. The Best Time to Visit London.
London is a year-round destination, each season offering its own charm and experiences:
Spring (March to May):
- Mild temperatures and blooming parks make spring a delightful time to visit. This season is ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing without the heavy crowds.
Summer (June to August):
- London is buzzing with tourists and events during summer. The weather is warm, perfect for open-air concerts, festivals, and enjoying the city’s numerous parks. However, be prepared for larger crowds and higher prices. In July and August the temperatures can exceed 30 degrees C, but it can also be cloudy and overcast.
Autumn (September to November):
- Autumn brings cooler temperatures and stunning fall foliage. The city’s parks and gardens are particularly beautiful. This is a great time for cultural activities and exploring museums, as tourist numbers start to dwindle. Be aware it is starting to get dark earlier, and it can be windy and rainy.
Winter (December to February):
- Winter in London is festive with Christmas markets, ice skating rinks, and holiday lights adorning the city. While it can be chilly and rainy, it’s a magical time to experience London’s seasonal events and cosy pubs. Sometimes there is a rare appearance of snow. Be aware it gets dark in London around 4pm in winter.

6. Neighbourhoods of London.
London is diverse in its neighbourhoods. There are 32 boroughs, each with several neighbourhoods contained within.
Further reading: Where to stay in London: 22 best areas with hotel recommendations.
For this London Travel Guide, I have listed the main 16 neighbourhoods below, in a loose order of popularity (although this could be debated, as it is a matter of opinion!)
- Westminster: Iconic landmarks like Big Ben and Buckingham Palace.
- Covent Garden: Theatres, street performers, and shopping.
- Soho: Nightlife, dining, and entertainment.
- Shoreditch: Trendy bars, street art, and markets.
- Camden: Eclectic markets, live music venues, and alternative culture.
- Kensington: Museums (Natural History Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum), upscale shopping, and elegant homes.
- Notting Hill: Famous for its colourful houses, Portobello Road Market, and the annual Notting Hill Carnival.
- Greenwich: Maritime history, Greenwich Park, and the Prime Meridian.
- South Bank: Cultural venues like the Tate Modern, National Theatre, and the London Eye.
- Chelsea: Luxury boutiques, high-end restaurants, and the King’s Road.
- Brixton: Vibrant nightlife, diverse food scene, and Brixton Market.


- Islington: Trendy bars, antique shops, and the lively Upper Street.
- Hampstead: Quaint village feel with Hampstead Heath, boutique shops, and historic pubs.
- Hackney: Bohemian vibe with cool cafes, indie shops, and London Fields park.
- Mayfair: Exclusive area with luxury hotels, fine dining, and high-end shopping on Bond Street.
- Clerkenwell: Home to creative industries, historic pubs, and the Exmouth Market.
- Richmond: Riverside charm, Richmond Park, and a village-like atmosphere.
- Wimbledon: Known for the Wimbledon Tennis Championships, it also offers green spaces and a suburban feel.
- King’s Cross: Major transport hub with the British Library, and the vibrant Granary Square.
- Peckham: Emerging arts scene, rooftop bars, and a diverse community.
- Chiswick: Leafy streets, riverside pubs, and a relaxed, suburban vibe.
- Hampstead: Historic charm, upmarket boutiques, and the vast Hampstead Heath.
- Dalston: Hip neighbourhood with a lively nightlife scene, quirky shops, and multicultural restaurants.
- Ealing: Family-friendly area with green spaces, a variety of shops, and restaurants.
- Battersea: Home to Battersea Park, the iconic Battersea Power Station, and riverside living.
- Fulham: Residential area with stylish cafes, boutique shopping, and proximity to the Thames.
- Hammersmith: Known for its riverside pubs, the Apollo theatre, and a lively arts scene.


See my post on where to stay in London for information about each area.
7. How to Get Around London.
London has an extensive and well-integrated public transportation system, making it easy to navigate the city. I do not recommend driving in Central London.
Here are your main public transportation options:
1. The Tube (London Underground):
The Tube is London’s rapid transit system with 12 lines that cover most of the city and its suburbs. There are other lines as well (such as Docklands Light Railway and London Overground) which are not technically tubes, but work in the same way.
Tips: Purchase an Oyster card or use contactless payment for the best fares. Avoid peak hours (7:30-9:30 AM and 5-7 PM) for a less crowded experience.

Note: At the time of writing (January 2025), the Transport for London website states there are 11 tube lines, but I assure you there are in fact 12! The Elizabeth line opened in May 2022.
2. London Buses:
London’s iconic red buses provide a comprehensive network that complements the Tube, reaching areas not served by the underground. Buses are often cheaper than the Tube, with a fixed rate for all journeys, no matter how far.
Tips: Use an Oyster card or contactless payment. Check routes and times on the Transport for London (TfL) website or app.

3. London Taxis:
Black Cabs: Licensed taxis with drivers who have passed “The Knowledge” test, ensuring extensive knowledge of London’s streets.
Private Hire: Options like minicabs and ride-hailing services such as Uber.
Tips: Black cabs can be hailed on the street or found at taxi ranks. Use licensed minicabs or apps like Uber for pre-booked rides. Some black cabs also offer private tours – I recommend Discover Real London for personalised black taxi tours.

4. Bicycle:
London promotes cycling with dedicated lanes and cycle hire schemes like Santander Cycles and Lime Bikes, which operate via smartphone apps.
Tips: Hire bikes from docking stations across the city. Always wear a helmet and follow traffic rules. Find routes on the Santander app.
5. Walking:
Many of London’s attractions are within walking distance of each other, especially in central areas.
Tips: Wear comfortable shoes and carry a map or use a navigation app. Look out for pedestrian signs and follow the Green Cross Code.
6. Boats, Ferries, and Water Taxis:
London’s waterways offer a scenic and relaxing way to get around. The Thames Clippers (Uber Boat) provide regular commuter services along the River Thames, stopping at key locations like Canary Wharf, Greenwich, and Westminster. You can also take sightseeing cruises or hire water taxis for a more personalised experience.
Tips: Oyster cards and contactless payments are accepted on Thames Clippers. Check the schedule in advance, especially if you’re planning to use the service as a regular means of transport. Consider taking a boat trip in the evening for stunning views of London’s illuminated landmarks.
7. London Cable Car:
The London Cable Car offers a unique way to cross the River Thames between Greenwich Peninsula and the Royal Docks. It provides spectacular views of the city’s skyline, the O2 Arena, and the surrounding area.
Tips: Oyster cards and contactless payments can be used for the cable car. Consider riding during sunset or at night for stunning views. It’s also a great way to combine sightseeing with travel if you’re visiting the nearby attractions. Get tickets here.

8. Top Attractions and Activities in London.
This section of my Ultimate London Travel Guide concentrates on things to do in and things to see in London. It is split into 9 categories (includes dining and shopping).
1. Historical Landmarks:
- Buckingham Palace: The official residence of the British monarch, offering tours of the State Rooms during the summer and the Changing of the Guard ceremony. Buckingham tickets.
- Tower of London: A historic castle and former royal residence, now home to the Crown Jewels and famous for its rich history and resident ravens. Tours and tickets.
- Westminster Abbey: A stunning Gothic church and UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for royal coronations, weddings, and the burial site of many historical figures. Tickets and abbey tours.
- St. Paul’s Cathedral: An architectural masterpiece with a magnificent dome, where visitors can explore the crypt and climb to the Whispering Gallery for panoramic views. Admission tickets.
- Houses of Parliament and Big Ben: The seat of the UK government, featuring the iconic clock tower Big Ben, is open for guided tours showcasing its historical and political significance.

2. Museums and Galleries:
- British Museum: World-renowned for its vast collection of artefacts from ancient civilizations, including the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies.
- Tate Modern: A contemporary art gallery housed in a former power station, showcasing works by artists such as Picasso, Warhol, and Hockney.
- Natural History Museum: Famous for its dinosaur skeletons, interactive exhibits, and stunning architecture, making it a favourite for families and science enthusiasts.
- Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A): The world’s largest museum of applied and decorative arts, featuring collections spanning 5,000 years of art and design.
- Science Museum: Offers interactive exhibits on science, technology, and medicine, including the Apollo 10 command module and a 3D IMAX cinema.
London tip: Consider purchasing the London Pass or the London Explorer Pass, which offer discounts and fast-track entry to many attractions.
3. Parks and Gardens:
- Hyde Park: One of London’s largest parks, offering boating on the Serpentine, concerts, and Speaker’s Corner for public debates.
- Regent’s Park: Known for its beautiful gardens, the Open Air Theatre, and the ZSL London Zoo, the world’s oldest scientific zoo.
- Kew Gardens: A UNESCO World Heritage Site featuring the world’s largest and most diverse botanical collections and the iconic Palm House. Kew admission tickets.
- Greenwich Park: Offers stunning views of the Thames, the Royal Observatory, and the Prime Meridian Line where visitors can stand in both hemispheres.
- Hampstead Heath: A vast, ancient heath offering woodlands, swimming ponds, and the highest point in London, providing stunning city views from Parliament Hill.
Further Reading: Your Guide to London’s 8 Royal Parks.

4. Entertainment:
- West End Theatres: The heart of London’s theatre scene, offering world-class musicals, plays, and performances in historic venues.
- London Eye: A giant observation wheel on the South Bank, providing views of the city’s skyline and major landmarks. London Eye tickets.
- Thames River Cruises: Offers a unique perspective of London’s attractions, with guided tours passing landmarks like Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament. All river cruises.
- Royal Opera House: Home to the Royal Ballet and the Royal Opera, offering world-class performances in a historic setting in Covent Garden.
- The Globe Theatre: A reconstruction of Shakespeare’s original theatre, where visitors can watch plays and explore exhibitions about the Bard’s life and works.
Further reading: 30 of the Best London Tourist Attractions for First Timers.
5. Shopping and Markets:
- Oxford Street: One of the world’s busiest shopping streets, lined with major department stores, flagship shops, and a variety of international brands.
- Regent Street: Known for its elegant architecture and high-end shops, including Hamleys, the world’s oldest toy store.
- Covent Garden Market: Offers a mix of high-end boutiques, street performers, and a vibrant market with crafts, antiques, and food.
- Camden Market: Famous for its eclectic mix of stalls selling vintage fashion, handmade crafts, and a diverse range of food from around the world.
- Portobello Road Market: The world’s largest antiques market, also featuring fresh produce, clothing, and unique finds in the heart of Notting Hill.
6. Dining and Nightlife:
- Soho: A vibrant area with a diverse range of restaurants, from trendy eateries to classic British pubs, and a lively nightlife scene.
- Shoreditch: Known for its innovative dining options, street food markets, and trendy bars and clubs in an artistic atmosphere.
- Covent Garden: Offers a wide variety of dining experiences, from upscale restaurants to casual cafes, plus vibrant street performances.
- Mayfair: Home to some of London’s most prestigious and Michelin-starred restaurants, offering fine dining and luxurious settings.
- Brixton: A multicultural hub with a diverse food scene, featuring everything from Caribbean to African cuisines, and a lively nightlife with music venues and bars.
7. Family-Friendly Activities
- London Zoo: Located in Regent’s Park with a wide variety of animals and interactive exhibits. London Zoo entry tickets.
- The Science Museum: Interactive exhibits and activities for children.
- The London Dungeon: A thrilling attraction bringing London’s dark history to life. Admission tickets.
- The Warner Bros. Studio Tour – The Making of Harry Potter: Explore sets, costumes, and props from the Harry Potter films. Get tickets here or read about Harry Potter gifts to buy.
- The Natural History Museum: Engaging exhibits including the famous dinosaur skeletons.

8. Off-the-Beaten-Path
- Leighton House Museum: The former home of Victorian artist Frederic Leighton, showcasing his artwork and unique interiors.
- Little Venice: A picturesque canal area with charming cafes and boat tours. Try a walking tour of Little Venice.
- Eel Pie Island: An artists’ colony with occasional open days to explore studios and unique crafts.
- God’s Own Junkyard: A colourful and eclectic collection of neon signs and artwork.
- Wilton’s Music Hall: The world’s oldest surviving music hall offers unique performances and a glimpse into London’s entertainment history.
9. Local Experiences
- Sunday Roast at a Pub: Enjoy a traditional British meal at a local pub.
- Afternoon Tea: Indulge in this quintessential British experience at one of London’s historic hotels or tea rooms.
- Walking Tours: Explore themed walking tours, such as Jack the Ripper, Harry Potter, or historical walks.
- Markets: Visit lesser-known markets like Broadway Market or Maltby Street Market for local food and crafts.
- Live Music: Experience live performances at iconic venues like Ronnie Scott’s Jazz Club or the Roundhouse.
London tip: Consider purchasing the London Pass or the London Explorer Pass, which offer discounts and fast-track entry to many attractions.
9. Day Trips from London.
This section of my London Travel Guide focuses on popular day trips which you can take from London. All of these places are outside London – but well worth a visit!
- Windsor:
- Visit Windsor Castle and explore the charming town. Discover the beautiful Windsor Great Park and enjoy a stroll along the River Thames. Windsor castle tickets.
- Oxford:
- Tour the historic university and its stunning architecture. Wander through the picturesque streets, visit the Bodleian Library, and enjoy a boat trip on the River Cherwell. Tours to Oxford.
- Bath:
- Explore Roman baths and Georgian architecture. Relax in the Thermae Bath Spa, admire the iconic Royal Crescent, and visit the Jane Austen Centre. Tours to Bath from London.
- Cambridge:
- Visit another iconic university city with beautiful colleges and punting on the River Cam. Take a guided tour of the historic King’s College Chapel and explore the Fitzwilliam Museum. Cambridge trips.
- Stonehenge:
- A trip to the mysterious prehistoric monument and nearby Salisbury. Discover the mediaeval Salisbury Cathedral with its stunning Magna Carta display and explore the charming market town. Visit Stonehenge from London.
10. London Passes explained.
London offers two popular sightseeing cards—the London Pass and the London Explorer Pass—designed to help visitors explore the city’s top attractions conveniently and cost-effectively.
The London Pass is ideal if you want to see as many attractions as possible in a short time. It offers access to over 80 sites, including major landmarks like the Tower of London and Westminster Abbey, and is available for 1 to 10 consecutive days. The pass includes skip-the-line privileges at many locations and can be paired with an Oyster Travelcard for unlimited public transport.
The London Explorer Pass is perfect for those who prefer flexibility and a more relaxed pace. It allows you to choose 2 to 7 attractions from a list of over 80 and is valid for 60 days from the first use. This pass is great for visitors with specific must-see sites who don’t want to be tied to consecutive day usage.
Choose the London Pass (purchase here) for intensive sightseeing, and the Explorer Pass (purchase here) for a flexible, leisurely experience.


11. Events and Festivals in London.
There are hundreds of events and festivals in London – these are just a few.
1. Notting Hill Carnival:
Europe’s largest street festival celebrating Caribbean culture. It features vibrant parades, Caribbean music, dance performances, and delicious street food throughout the Notting Hill area.
2. London Film Festival:
An annual event showcasing the best of international cinema. It attracts filmmakers, critics, and cinema enthusiasts to screenings across London, including premieres and Q&A sessions with directors and actors.
3. Chelsea Flower Show:
A world-renowned garden show featuring stunning floral displays. Held annually in the grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea, the event showcases innovative garden designs, rare plants, and gardening inspiration.
4. New Year’s Eve Fireworks:
The spectacular display over the Thames to welcome the new year. Thousands gather along the riverbanks and bridges to witness the dazzling pyrotechnics set against London’s iconic skyline, accompanied by music and festivities.

5. Christmas Markets:
Festive markets across the city during the holiday season. From traditional German-style markets in Hyde Park to the Southbank Centre Winter Market, these markets are great place to enjoy mulled wine, seasonal treats, and unique gifts in a festive atmosphere.
6. Trooping the Colour:
An annual event marking the King’s official birthday, held in June (this is not the same as the King’s actual birthday, which is in November). The ceremony includes a military parade with marching bands and the Household Division in full regalia, culminating in a flypast over Buckingham Palace.
7. London Fashion Week:
A biannual event showcasing the latest trends in fashion. Designers from around the world present their collections at venues across the city, attracting fashionistas, celebrities, and industry professionals.
12. Hotels in London – Luxury, Mid Range and Budget.
Here are some suggestions for where to stay in London. The links will take you to Booking.com (in a separate window) where you can see prices and availability. I will also include a map which shows hotels by location.
This segment is split into three sections – luxury hotels, mid range hotels and budget hotels in London.
1. Luxury Hotels in London.
- The Savoy:
- A historic hotel located on the Strand, offering luxurious rooms and suites, exceptional dining options including the world-famous Savoy Grill, and a renowned afternoon tea. Also has stunning views of the Thames River.
- Location: Covent Garden
- Claridge’s:
- An Art Deco icon in Mayfair, known for its elegant rooms, impeccable service, and fine dining at the Michelin-starred Fera at Claridge’s. The hotel also offers a luxurious spa and afternoon tea in the stunning foyer.
- Location: Mayfair
- The Ritz London:
- A symbol of luxury and opulence in Piccadilly, featuring lavishly decorated rooms and suites, the Michelin-starred Ritz Restaurant, and the legendary Ritz afternoon tea.
- Location: Piccadilly
- The Dorchester:
- Located on Park Lane, this prestigious hotel offers elegantly appointed rooms and suites, several acclaimed restaurants including The Grill and Alain Ducasse at The Dorchester, and a luxurious spa.
- Location: Mayfair
- The Langham:
- A landmark hotel in Marylebone, renowned for its refined accommodations, the award-winning Artesian bar, and exceptional dining at Roux at The Landau. Langham also has a state-of-the-art wellness centre.
- Location: Marylebone
2. Mid-Range Hotels in London.
- Radisson Blu Edwardian, Mercer Street:
- A stylish hotel situated in the heart of Covent Garden, offering contemporary rooms, a modern British restaurant, and convenient access to West End theatres and shopping.
- DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel London – Tower of London:
- Modern accommodation with stunning views of the Tower of London and the River Thames. Rooftop bar, fitness centre, and proximity to historic landmarks.
- Novotel London Waterloo:
- Located near the South Bank, this family-friendly hotel has comfortable rooms, an on-site restaurant, fitness facilities, and easy access to the London Eye and Houses of Parliament.
- Holiday Inn London – Bloomsbury:
- A well-located hotel offering comfortable rooms, a casual dining restaurant, and easy access to the British Museum and King’s Cross Station.
- Hotel Indigo London – Kensington:
- Boutique-style hotel with uniquely designed rooms, a charming restaurant, and close proximity to attractions like the Natural History Museum and Kensington Gardens.
3. Budget Hotels in London.
- Z Hotel Soho:
- Offering budget-friendly rooms with comfortable beds, a restaurant, and a prime location near the West End, Leicester Square, and Covent Garden.
- Travelodge London Central Covent Garden:
- An affordable hotel providing clean and basic rooms, and a convenient location for exploring Covent Garden, Leicester Square, and West End theatres.
- Ibis Budget London Whitechapel:
- A modern budget hotel with compact rooms, free Wi-Fi, and a 24-hour front desk. It is located close to the Whitechapel Gallery and Brick Lane’s market and restaurants.
- YHA London St Pancras:
- A budget-friendly hostel offering private rooms and dormitory beds, a café/bar, and a convenient location opposite St Pancras International Station.
- Point A Hotel London – Westminster:
- Affordable and modern hotel with compact, well-designed rooms, free Wi-Fi, and close proximity to the London Eye and Westminster Abbey.
Map of London Hotels.
The map below shows prices of hotels by geographical location from Booking.com. You can zoom in, zoom out, or drag the map to see towns you are interested in. Click the map to look at more prices, and reserve your room (you can always cancel later).
I recommend reserving your room immediately to get the best price. It’s usually free to reserve on Booking.com, and you can always cancel later on.
Booking links
Here are some booking links for accommodation in the main parts of London. These links will get you the best prices on Booking.com today:
Accommodation in Covent Garden | Accommodation in Mayfair | Accommodation in Chelsea & Kensington | Accommodation in Shoreditch | Accommodation in Westminster | Accommodation in Notting Hill | Accommodation in Camden | Accommodation in Greenwich | All hotels in Central London.
Further reading: Where to stay in London: 22 best areas and hotels.
13. Currency and Payments in London.
The official currency in London is the British Pound Sterling (GBP), commonly known as the pound (£).
Each pound is divided into 100 pence (p). Banknotes typically come in denominations of £5, £10, £20, and £50, while coins are available in values ranging from 1p to £2.
1. Cash:
Cash is usually accepted in London, although many businesses are moving towards cashless transactions. There are increasingly more places which accept cards only – so don’t assume cash will be accepted everywhere.
2. Credit and debit cards:
Credit and debit cards, including Visa, MasterCard, and American Express, are widely accepted across London in shops, restaurants, and hotels. Contactless payments are popular, allowing you to tap your card for quick transactions up to a certain limit. Amex is not always accepted.
3. Mobile payments:
Services like Apple Pay, Google Pay, and Samsung Pay are widely accepted in London. These allow you to make payments using your smartphone or smartwatch.
4. ATMs:
ATMs (cash machines) are readily available throughout the city, allowing you to withdraw pounds using a debit or credit card. Some ATMs may charge a fee, so it’s advisable to use machines operated by major banks like HSBC, Barclays, or Lloyds, which typically do not charge extra fees.
5. Tipping:
Tipping is customary in London, though not mandatory. In restaurants, a service charge of 10-12.5% is often added to the bill. If not, a tip of around 10% is appreciated. Tipping is less common in pubs, but rounding up to the nearest pound for good service is a nice gesture. Tipping for taxi rides is also appreciated, generally by rounding up to the nearest pound or adding a 10% tip.
6. Currency exchange:
Currency exchange services are available at airports, hotels, and exchange bureaus around the city. However, exchange rates and fees can vary, so it’s worth comparing a few options. ATMs generally offer better exchange rates than exchange bureaus, especially if your bank doesn’t charge high foreign transaction fees.
14. Cultural Etiquette in London.
This section of the London travel guide should help you to blend in!
1. British queuing:
In London, and across the UK, queuing (standing in line) is taken very seriously. Whether you’re waiting for a bus, at a shop, or in a café, it’s important to join the back of the line and wait your turn. Jumping the queue is considered rude and can lead to disapproving looks or comments.
2. British politeness:
Londoners are generally polite and value good manners. Phrases like “please,” “thank you,” and “sorry” are commonly used in daily interactions. Saying “excuse me” when trying to get someone’s attention or when passing by people in a crowded space is also appreciated.
3. Personal space:
Respecting personal space is important. Londoners typically avoid physical contact with strangers, such as hugging or touching during conversations, unless it’s a handshake. On public transport, try to avoid eye contact and keep to yourself, especially during rush hour when the Tube can be crowded.
4. Tipping:
Tipping in London is a common practice, though not obligatory. In restaurants, a tip of 10-15% is customary if a service charge hasn’t already been added to the bill. In pubs, tipping is not expected, but you can offer to buy the bartender a drink by saying, “and one for yourself” when paying for your order. For taxi rides, rounding up to the nearest pound or adding a small tip is appreciated.
5. Punctuality:
Being on time is important in London, especially for professional meetings or formal events. If you’re running late, it’s polite to inform the person waiting for you. For social gatherings, arriving a few minutes late is generally acceptable, but it’s always best to check with the host.
Further reading: 15 Famous Icons of London – Symbols of the City.
6. Public transport etiquette:
On public transport, allow passengers to exit before boarding and stand on the right side of escalators to let others pass on the left. Speaking loudly or playing music without headphones is considered impolite. Offering your seat to elderly passengers, pregnant women, or those with disabilities is expected and seen as a sign of respect.
7. Dress code:
London is a cosmopolitan city with a relaxed but varied dress code. In business settings, smart attire is the norm. For social events, the dress code can range from casual to formal depending on the venue. When visiting religious sites, such as churches or mosques, modest clothing is advised.
8. Behaviour in public places:
Loud or boisterous behaviour is generally frowned upon in public places. In quieter settings, like museums, galleries, and libraries, it’s important to keep your voice down and avoid using your phone. In parks and green spaces, taking care of the environment by not littering and respecting local wildlife is encouraged.

15. Safety Tips for London.
Like any major urban area, it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings and take basic precautions. Here are some safety tips to keep in mind during your visit:
- Stay aware of your surroundings:
- Be vigilant in crowded areas such as tourist attractions, markets, and public transport. Pickpocketing can occur, so keep an eye on your belongings and avoid displaying valuable items like smartphones or expensive jewellery openly.
- Use licensed taxis or ride-hailing services:
- If you need a taxi, use licensed black cabs or reputable ride-hailing services like Uber. Avoid unlicensed taxis, especially late at night, to ensure your safety.
- Be cautious at night:
- While many parts of London are safe at night, it’s wise to stick to well-lit and busy streets. If you’re exploring nightlife, consider staying in groups and planning your route back to your accommodation in advance.
- Use public transport safely:
- The London Underground, buses, and trains are generally safe, but it’s best to avoid travelling alone late at night. If possible, sit near the driver or in a carriage with other passengers.
- Keep emergency numbers handy:
- In case of an emergency, dial 999 for police, fire, or medical assistance. Save the non-emergency police number (101) and your country’s embassy contact information on your phone.
- Secure your accommodation:
- Choose accommodation in a reputable area and ensure your room is secure. Use hotel safes to store passports, cash, and other valuables. Always lock your room when leaving.
- Avoid scams:
- Be cautious of street vendors, especially those offering “too good to be true” deals, and be wary of anyone who approaches you asking for money or help with a “lost” wallet or phone.
- Stay updated on local news:
- Keep informed about any travel advisories or local incidents by checking the news or official sources. This will help you avoid any areas where there may be disruptions or heightened security risks.
- Know your route:
- Plan your journey in advance, especially if you’re visiting unfamiliar areas. Use maps or GPS to avoid getting lost, and if you need directions, ask at a shop or public transport staff rather than random strangers.
If you’re worried about safety, here are some of my Amazon travel safety recommendations:
- Use an anti-theft sling bag or an anti-theft backpack.
- Keep bank cards safe with an RFID blocking pouch or an RFID travel wallet.
- Use a portable door lock to lock your room from the inside.
- Try using an alarmed door stop for extra peace of mind.
- Use a compact travel safe (I have used this one and this one).
- You can also get hidden travel safes, for example in the shape of a water bottle, coke can, hairbrush or even a holy bible.
- A waterproof and fireproof document pouch will protect your travel documents.
16. British Food and Drink Popular in London.
London has a diverse culinary scene that celebrates traditional British dishes alongside international influences. Here are some iconic British foods and drinks to try while in the city:
1. Fish and chips:
A quintessential British dish consisting of deep-fried battered fish (usually cod or haddock) served with chunky fries (chips). Enjoyed with tartar sauce, mushy peas, and a sprinkle of salt and vinegar.
2. Afternoon tea:
A beloved British tradition that includes a selection of teas served with delicate finger sandwiches (like cucumber or smoked salmon), freshly baked scones with clotted cream and jam, and an assortment of pastries and cakes.

3. Full English breakfast:
A hearty breakfast featuring eggs (fried, scrambled, or poached), bacon, sausage, baked beans, grilled tomatoes, mushrooms, and toast. Often accompanied by black pudding (blood sausage) and washed down with a cup of tea or coffee.
4. Pie and mash:
A comforting dish of meat (such as beef or chicken) or vegetables encased in pastry, served with mashed potatoes and a generous ladle of parsley liquor (a savoury sauce). The most authentic pie and mash shops are to be found in East London.
5. Roast dinner:
Typically served on Sundays, a roast dinner consists of roasted meat (like beef, lamb, or chicken), roast potatoes, Yorkshire pudding (a crispy, hollow pastry), seasonal vegetables, and gravy. Many pubs do an excellent Sunday Roast (or “Sunday Lunch”) – you will usually need to book in advance.

6. Pubs and pub grub:
London’s pubs are not just about drinks but also offer traditional pub grub such as Ploughman’s Lunch (a cold meal of cheese, pickles, bread, and salad), Scotch eggs (hard-boiled eggs wrapped in sausage meat and breadcrumbs), and pork pies (savoury pies filled with seasoned pork).
7. Cottage pie and Shepherd’s pie:
Cottage pie is made with minced beef cooked with vegetables, topped with mashed potatoes and baked until golden. Shepherd’s pie is similar but uses minced lamb and often includes peas.
8. Pimms:
A quintessential British summer drink made with Pimm’s No. 1, a gin-based liqueur, mixed with lemonade and garnished with fruits like strawberries, cucumber, mint, and oranges. It’s refreshing and often enjoyed at outdoor events and garden parties.
9. Gin and tonic:
A classic British spirit and mixer drink made with gin and tonic water, usually garnished with a slice of lime or cucumber. London is known for its gin bars and distilleries offering a wide range of artisanal gins. Gin cocktails are also popular.
10. Traditional ales and cask beers:
London boasts a vibrant pub culture where you can enjoy a pint of traditional ales and cask beers, such as bitter, stout, and pale ale. Many pubs brew their own beers or feature local craft breweries. There are also several London-brewed lagers, and breweries to look out for.
11. Cider:
A popular alcoholic beverage made from fermented apple juice, available in a range of styles from sweet to dry. Enjoyed particularly during the summer months, sometimes over ice, cider is a refreshing alternative to beer.
17. Sustainable Travel in London.
I have included a sustainable travel section in all of my travel guides, and this London Travel Guide is no exception. London is an environmentally-aware city, and there are various initiatives to help reduce your carbon footprint.
Here are some tips for practising sustainable travel in London:
1. Use public transport:
London’s extensive public transport network, including the Tube, buses, and trains, is an eco-friendly way to get around. The city’s Oyster card and contactless payments make it easy to travel efficiently. Opt for public transport over taxis or ride-hailing services to reduce your carbon footprint.
2. Walk or cycle:
Walking is one of the best ways to explore London’s neighbourhoods, landmarks, and parks. The city is also bike-friendly, with numerous cycle lanes and bike-sharing schemes like Santander Cycles, which allow you to rent a bike for short trips around the city.
3. Stay in eco-friendly accommodations:
Choose hotels or hostels that prioritise sustainability, such as those with green certifications or eco-friendly practices like energy efficiency, waste reduction, and water conservation. Some hotels also offer recycling programs and use locally sourced, organic products.
4. Support local businesses:
Eat at local restaurants, shop at markets, and buy from independent stores to support the local economy and reduce the environmental impact of mass-produced goods. Visiting markets like Borough Market or Camden Market gives you access to fresh, local produce and handmade crafts.
5. Reduce waste:
Carry a reusable water bottle, shopping bag, and coffee cup to minimise single-use plastic. London has numerous water fountains and refill stations where you can top up your bottle for free. Additionally, try to avoid excessive packaging when shopping and recycle wherever possible.
6. Choose sustainable attractions:
Visit attractions that emphasise conservation and sustainability, such as Kew Gardens or the London Wetland Centre. These sites not only provide a great experience but also contribute to the protection of nature and wildlife.
Further reading: 30 of the Best London Tourist Attractions for First Timers.
7. Offset Your carbon emissions:
If you’re flying to London, consider offsetting your carbon emissions by donating to a carbon offset program. Some airlines offer this option directly when booking your flight, or you can contribute to projects that support renewable energy or reforestation.
8. Conserve energy and water:
During your stay, conserve energy by turning off lights, air conditioning, and heating when not needed. Similarly, reduce water usage by taking shorter showers and reusing towels in hotels instead of requesting daily replacements.
9. Use green tours and activities:
Opt for guided tours that emphasise sustainability, such as walking tours, bike tours, or eco-friendly river cruises. These activities often provide a more immersive experience while reducing environmental impact.
10. Be mindful of wildlife and nature:
When visiting parks and natural areas, respect the environment by staying on marked paths, not disturbing wildlife, and properly disposing of litter. Support conservation efforts by visiting and donating to organisations dedicated to protecting London’s natural heritage.
By incorporating these sustainable practices into your visit, you can enjoy all that London has to offer while helping to protect the environment and contribute to a greener future.
18. FAQs for London Travel Guide.
Below are some frequently asked questions related to travelling in London, and London travel guides.
Q: What is the best time of year to visit London?
A: The best times to visit London are during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild, and tourist crowds are manageable.
Q: How do I get from Heathrow Airport to central London?
A: Heathrow Airport offers several transportation options to central London including the Heathrow Express train, London Underground (Piccadilly Line), and taxis. Each option varies in cost and travel time.
Q: What are the must-see attractions in London?
A: Iconic landmarks such as the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, the British Museum, and the Houses of Parliament are must-see attractions. Don’t miss a stroll along the Thames River and a ride on the London Eye for stunning views. View the top London tours and tickets here.
Further reading: 30 of the Best London Tourist Attractions for First Timers.
Q: How do I use public transportation in London?
A: London has an extensive public transportation system including the Tube (Underground), buses, and Overground trains. You can use contactless payment cards or Oyster cards for easy travel. See Getting Around section.
Q: What are the best neighbourhoods to stay in London?
A: Popular neighbourhoods for visitors include Covent Garden for theatres and shopping, South Kensington for museums and parks, and Soho for nightlife and dining options. See neighbourhoods section.
Further reading: The 22 best areas of London, with hotel recommendations.
Q: How much should I tip in London?
A: Tipping in London is discretionary. In restaurants, it’s customary to leave a gratuity of 10-15% if service charge is not included. Tipping for other services like taxis and hotel staff is also appreciated but not mandatory.

Q: What should I pack for my trip to London?
A: Pack according to the season you’re visiting. In general, bring comfortable walking shoes, layers for changing weather, an umbrella or raincoat, and adapters for UK electrical outlets if needed.
Q: Are there any discounts or passes for London attractions?
A: Yes, consider purchasing the London Pass or the London Explorer Pass, which offer discounts and fast-track entry to many attractions. The Oyster card also provides discounted fares on public transport.
Q: Is London a safe city for tourists?
A: London is generally safe for tourists who are vigilant. Exercise caution in crowded areas and beware of pickpockets. Use common sense and take care of your belongings. See my safety tips.
Q: What are some unique experiences to have in London?
A: Explore the local markets like Borough Market or Camden Market, attend a West End show, take a Thames River cruise, and indulge in traditional afternoon tea at a historic hotel.
Q: How do I purchase tickets for West End shows in London?
A: Tickets for West End shows can be purchased online through official websites, at the theatre box offices, or through reputable ticket vendors. It’s advisable to book in advance, especially for popular productions.
Q: What is the weather like in London and what should I pack?
A: London weather can be unpredictable. Summers are mild to warm, while winters are generally cold and damp. Pack layers, including a light jacket, umbrella, and comfortable walking shoes regardless of the season.
Q: Are there any free attractions or activities in London?
A: Yes, many museums in London offer free admission, such as the British Museum, National Gallery, Tate Modern, and Natural History Museum. Parks like Hyde Park and Regent’s Park are also free to enter and enjoy.
Q: How can I explore London on a budget?
A: To explore London affordably, consider using public transportation with an Oyster card for discounted fares. Look for budget-friendly accommodations in areas like King’s Cross or Paddington and enjoy meals at local pubs or markets.
Q: Can I use my mobile phone in London?
A: Most international mobile networks provide coverage in London, but check with your provider about roaming charges. Alternatively, you can purchase a local SIM card for your unlocked phone upon arrival.
Q: What are the best day trips to take from London?
A: Popular day trips from London include Windsor Castle, Oxford, Bath, Cambridge, and Stonehenge. These destinations are easily accessible by train or tour bus, offering historical sites and picturesque scenery. See the day trips section of this London travel guide above.
Q: What are the best guided tours in London?
A: Here are some of the best tours on Viator for London:
- London in One Day Tour with Tower of London and Changing of the Guard: This comprehensive tour covers major sites including the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace (with Changing of the Guard), St. Paul’s Cathedral, and a Thames River cruise.
- Hop-On Hop-Off Bus Tour: Explore London at your own pace with this flexible tour that includes stops at key landmarks like the London Eye, Tower of London, and Buckingham Palace. Tickets often include a Thames River cruise.
- Warner Bros. Studio Tour – The Making of Harry Potter: A must for Harry Potter fans, this tour offers an immersive experience into the world of Hogwarts, including sets, props, and costumes from the films.
- Stonehenge, Windsor Castle, and Bath Day Trip: Venture outside London to see three iconic sites, with guided tours of Windsor Castle and the ancient Stonehenge, plus free time in the city of Bath.
- Westminster Abbey and Houses of Parliament Tour: Dive into British history with a guided tour of these two iconic buildings, learning about royal ceremonies and the UK’s political system.
Top tip: For the best London days out, check out my curated list of London Experiences.
Q: How do I get around London at night?
A: London’s public transportation system operates late into the night, particularly on Fridays and Saturdays. Night buses, the Night Tube (limited lines), and taxis are available for travelling around the city after hours. See the getting around section of this London travel guide.
Q: Are there any special events or festivals I should attend during my visit?
A: London hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, such as the Notting Hill Carnival in August, the London Marathon in April, and the Christmas lights switch-on events in November. Check local listings for current events during your stay. See Festivals section of this London travel guide.
Q: What should I know about shopping in London?
A: London offers diverse shopping experiences from high-end boutiques in Mayfair and Knightsbridge to vintage markets in Shoreditch and Camden. Retail hours typically range from 9 am to 6 pm, with late-night shopping on Thursdays in many areas.
Q: How can I access free Wi-Fi in London?
A: Many cafes, restaurants, and public spaces in London offer free Wi-Fi. Additionally, you can connect to free Wi-Fi networks provided by major attractions, public libraries, and some Tube stations.
Q: Do I need the London Pass or the London Explorer Pass?
A: Choose the London Pass (purchase here) for intensive sightseeing. Choose the Explorer Pass (purchase here) for a flexible, leisurely experience.
19. Popular Tours in London.
This section of my London travel guide is dedicated to popular tours provided by tour operator website Viator.
I always use Viator for my tours and I have never had a problem (it is a company owned by TripAdvisor so you know it is well managed) but you could also use Get Your Guide if you prefer.:
1. The Original London Sightseeing Tour (Hop-On Hop-Off Bus):
This classic bus tour allows you to explore London’s major landmarks at your own pace. With multiple routes covering the city, you can hop on and off at famous attractions like the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, and the Houses of Parliament. The tour includes live commentary or audio guides in multiple languages. Hop on hop off tickets.
2. Harry Potter Studio Tour:
A must for Harry Potter fans, this tour takes you behind the scenes at Warner Bros. Studios, where the films were made. You’ll see sets, costumes, and props from the movies, including the Great Hall, Diagon Alley, and Platform 9¾. See different types of Harry Potter tickets here.
3. Jack the Ripper Walking Tour:
Explore the dark history of London’s East End with a guided walking tour that follows the trail of the infamous Jack the Ripper. You’ll visit the locations where the murders occurred and hear about the mysterious circumstances surrounding the case. The tour offers historical insight into Victorian London’s grim past. Jack the Ripper tour tickets.
4. Thames River Cruise:
Experience London from a different perspective with a cruise along the River Thames. Various cruises are available, from short sightseeing trips to dinner cruises. Popular routes include passing under Tower Bridge and viewing landmarks like the London Eye, the Globe Theatre, and the Shard from the water. This is my favourite river cruise (I’ve been on it 4 times!)
5. Westminster Abbey and Houses of Parliament Tour:
This tour takes you inside two of London’s most iconic landmarks. At Westminster Abbey, you’ll explore the historic church where British monarchs are crowned and famous figures are buried. The tour also includes a guided visit to the Houses of Parliament, where you can see the debating chambers and learn about the UK’s political history. Tour and entry ticket.
6. London Ghost Tour:
Discover the spooky side of London with a ghost tour that takes you through haunted sites and tells eerie tales of the city’s supernatural history. Popular ghost tours often include visits to old graveyards, eerie alleyways, and haunted pubs, providing a thrilling experience for those interested in the paranormal. Tours here.
London tip: Consider purchasing the London Pass or the London Explorer Pass, which offer discounts and fast-track entry to many attractions.
7. Buckingham Palace Tour:
During the summer months, visitors can tour the State Rooms of Buckingham Palace, the official residence of the British monarch. The tour includes a glimpse of the palace’s grand interiors, art collections, and the Throne Room. If you visit at the right time, you can also watch the Changing of the Guard ceremony. All tickets here.
8. London Food Tour:
Explore London’s diverse culinary scene with a guided food tour. Popular food tours might take you through Borough Market, Soho, or East London, allowing you to sample a variety of British and international cuisines. See all London food tours here (I have been on this one and this one, and both were excellent).
9. Tower of London Beefeater Tour:
Led by the Yeoman Warders (also known as Beefeaters), this tour offers a fascinating insight into the Tower of London’s history, including tales of imprisonment, execution, and the Crown Jewels. The Beefeaters, who are also the tower’s guardians, provide engaging stories and historical context. Tower and Crown Jewels ticket here.
10. Street Art Tour of Shoreditch:
Explore London’s vibrant street art scene with a walking tour of Shoreditch, an area known for its creative energy. The tour highlights works by famous street artists like Banksy and provides an understanding of the social and political messages behind the art. Street art tickets here.
Top tip: For the best London days out, check out my curated list of London Experiences.
20. Quick Links for London.
Here are some quick shopping links to help you with your trip to London.
- Reserve your London Hotel early, they sell out fast.
- Book London tours in advance (no payment required up front).
- For the best London days out, check out my curated list of London Experiences.
- Remember to get a Universal Plug Adaptor before your trip.
- Get the London Pass or London Explorer Pass for discounts and fast-track entry to many attractions.
- Check out these London Gifts on Amazon before or after your trip.
- Consider taking this Rough Guide to London guide book with you.
- Packing cubes are a traveller’s best friend. I recommend these ones.
21. Helpful Tourist Websites for London .
Here are some helpful and official London tourism websites that you can use for planning your visit:
- Visit London (Official London Tourism Site)
- Website: www.visitlondon.com
- The official tourism website for London, offering comprehensive information on attractions, events, accommodations, and tips for travellers.
- Transport for London (TfL)
- Website: www.tfl.gov.uk
- Official site for public transportation in London, providing details on the Tube, buses, travel cards, and maps.
- London Pass
- Website: www.londonpass.com
- Information about the London Pass, which offers access to many attractions and sightseeing tours with a single ticket.
- Historic Royal Palaces
- Website: www.hrp.org.uk
- Official site for the management of London’s historic royal palaces, including the Tower of London, Hampton Court Palace, and Kensington Palace.
- Royal Parks
- Website: www.royalparks.org.uk
- Official site for the management of London’s Royal Parks, including Hyde Park, Regent’s Park, and Kensington Gardens.
These websites are great starting points for planning your trip to London and ensuring you have up-to-date information on everything the city has to offer.
Related reading for London Travel Guide.
Below are some related posts for this London travel guide.
- 30 Top Tourist Attractions in London
- Guide the 8 Royal Parks of London
- Where to stay in London by Neighbourhood
- 15 Famous Icons of London: Symbols of the City
Pinterest pins for London Travel Guide.
If you have enjoyed reading this London Travel Guide, or found it useful, please feel free to use the below images to pin to your own Pinterest boards.


General Travel booking links:
- Booking.com is the best site for booking hotels with free reservation and cancellations.
- Viator and Get Your Guide are the best sites for original tours and activities.
- Discover Cars is the best comparison site for car rentals.
- Trip.com is good for booking flights and packages.
- Check my list of 20 excellent travel books to read on your holidays.
Popular Destinations: London | Edinburgh | Malta | Scotland | Madeira | Cyprus | NYC | Italy | Canary Islands
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